Not all Firewood Heats Equally

Heating costs seem to rise each year with the ever-increasing demand on our nations' energy sources. Many have found wood is an excellent asset in offsetting yearly heating costs. With wood being a renewable fuel source a glowing fire can be a practical complement to any central heating system and can go a long way toward aiding the pocketbook.   The EPA has found wood burned for home heating is a leading cause of air pollution in many cities. Wood stoves sold after July 1, 1988 must meet certain air quality standards.

Certain species of wood produce more heat than others. The heat a log produces depends on the density, moisture content, resin and ash in the wood.   Below are Indiana trees that have high heat production values.   

      Ash, Apple, Black Locust, American Hornbeam, Dogwood, Hickory, Hophornbeam, Hackberry, Mulberry, Oak, and Osage Orange.   

Indiana woodland owners have an excellent source of firewood on their own properties. Not only is the heat source provided, but also the quality of the woods can be upgraded with the removal of more undesirable trees for firewood. Undesirable trees are those that are poorly formed, diseased, or damaged.  

For those with no access to a woods, there are many other means of obtaining firewood. Most firewood is sold by the cord. A standard cord is a stack of wood 4 x 4 x 8 feet.  Wood is also often available as industrial wood scraps. There are several sawmills in Indiana, and some mills offer slabs, edgings and trimmings for firewood. 

Most wood species will not burn readily if they have been freshly cut, so the wood should be reasonably seasoned. Wood should also be purchased months prior to use. Proper wood size, well-seasoned wood and a mixture of various kinds of wood will enhance the enjoyment of your fireplace or wood stove.

Purdue Extension has several publications on heating with firewood. Check out these publications for more information.  Residential Wood Stove Installation and Wood for Home Heating.